American History (1815-1820)

Economic development is shaped by a nation’s political leaders, the external forces and the natural courses of history. The United States of America was under the leadership of ten presidents from 1815-1850. This started with the 4th US president James Madison who, through the Congress, declared war with Britain in 1812. There was economic depression as a normal consequence of war. But the young nation bounced back and it was during the presidency of John Quincy Adams that the war of 1812 was declared successful. There was an upsurge of nationalism.There was successive waves of economic and social change that swept across the nation. Adams called his idea the American System, where canals, roads, railroads and expansion were at the forefront of his economic model. This stimulated interregional trade and sparked an unprecedented development of towns and cities. He was defeated by Andrew Jackson in the elections of 1828. Jackson destroyed the Bank of the United States, a well es tablished private bank that handled the money of the federal government, as it was run by his political enemies.There was bank war and federal deposits were removed from this bank. The leadership that followed was that of Martin Van Buren, William Henry Harrison and John Tyler from 1837- 1845. It was faced with problems inherited from Jackson’s presidency as well as problems related to rapid increase in population. The Panic of 1837 resulted from the abrupt closure of a large number of American banks which plunged the US into the first major economic depression or severe economic downturn. Sale and settlement of public lands also became a major focus of the federal government.It was the leadership of James Polk that showed positive trends as he had these as achievements at the end of his term in 1849: 1) reduced tariffs on imports; 2) re-established independent US treasury; 3) settled dispute with Great Britain over the control of Oregon Country; and, 4) acquired California f or the US. It was also during his term that Texas, Florida, Iowa and Wisconsin became states. The American nation also reached the shores of the Pacific Ocean at the end of his term.The presidency of Zachary Taylor from 1849-1850 (as he died after, not completing his term) was marked with the discovery of gold in California which was America’s first â€Å"gold rush†. Vice-President Millard Fillmore took over the presidency and he made sure that the issue of slavery on the newly-acquired lands of the Southwest would not tear the nation apart. 2 References Google, Ancient Lights Educational Media. America’s Era of Expansion and Reform, 1817-1860, http://www. writingco. com/pdf/FH617VTG. pdf Google, Wikipedia, en. wikipedia. org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States

Brand Audit Essay

The sole objective of this brand report is to know about the brand potency of Mobilink in the Pakistani market in comparison to other competing service providers. The other objective is to put a spotlight on the different cellular companies operating in Pakistan and the perception of the users about them. TARGET AUDIENCE: As far as the Mobilink is concerned, it has no specific target audience because it is catering the requirement of all the users through its different packages. Cell phone is a requirement of every one so it also  of several segments whether it is youth, ladies or corporate sector. Brand Positioning  makes sense to launch multiple products to cater to the requirements RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the research methodology is to carry out different methods of research to accomplish the set research objectives pertinent to the brand tracking. For that purpose, a set of questions have been made to inquire and analyze the responses of the  respondents. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: The research methodology used in this brand tracking is qualitative as well as quantitative in which we have not only used a questionnaire to know the responses of the respondents of the sample group but also open ended questions asked from a set of respondents at mobilink franchises to get a more flexible response from the respondents. Secondary research methods are also used to get the information regarding the competitors and Mobilink to get to know the market structure and the standing of the cellular companies in it. Triangulation  and secondary research to find the parity in results. SAMPLING DESIGN: The target population belongs to every segment and class of life because cell phone users belong to every class of population and we method is used to cross check the results from qualitative, quantitative  cannot discriminate the target market based on SECs. Subsequently, the sample selection is random and random sampling method is used for sample selection to get the feedback of the users from all the classes. The sample size used for the questioning consists of 250 respondents. RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS: The instrument used for the research in this brand tracking activity is primarily a multipurpose questionnaire which comprises of open and close ended questions not only to help in the quantitative research but also in the qualitative research as well. It consist questions pertaining to the brand associations, brand recall, brand image, projective responses and brand values. The reliability of the instrument is measured through the triangulation method by comparing the results of all three research methods. PROCEDURES: The data collection is through the questionnaire from a sample group of 250 respondents. The screening of the information acquired from  entry. All the information from the responses is entered as per the frequency of respondents against the questions. These respondents is done manually using MS Excel as a tool for data. The objective of this brand audit report is to measure the brand potency of Mobilink in line with the competing brands. The specific issues faced by the brand in terms of market conditions, saturation in the cellular market and the overall recession in the economy will also be taken into account while studying the brand. Also, what subproducts fall in the generalized master brand i.e. Mobilink and to which segments these sub-brands are catering to.  When speaking of the target audience for Mobilink, we should keep in mind that in the world of today, cell phone is no longer a luxury as was the case in 90s but now, it has become a necessity for everyone. So when we speak of cell phone target market, we speak of all the socioeconomic classes from A to E. The brand audit is limited to Karachi only because of limited time and resources. But, in order to get a  are covered with a dynamic sample population to get diverse views about the brands so as to get a better and augmented underst anding of the market perceptions about the brands. The approach used for brand audit is mainly the survey through set questionnaire and secondary research methods regarding their inputs on brand imagery & usage, brand recall, brand perception, brand loyalty and brand awareness. BRAND BRAND (SELF ANALYSIS): Pakistan Mobile Communications Limited, better known as Mobilink GSM, is a telecommunication service provider in Pakistan. The company is Pakistan’s leading cellular operator with a subscriber base of 31.5m and market share of 31% in October 2010. Mobilink’s Head office is located at Mobilink House, 1-A Kohistan Road, F-8 Markaz Islamabad. Mobilink’s corporate postpaid package is sold under the brand name â€Å"Indigo† and prepaid by the name of â€Å"Jazz†. Mobilink started operations in 1994 as the first GSM cellular Mobile service in Pakistan by MOTOROLA Inc., later it was sold to Orascom, an Egypt-based group is diversifying its service portfolio by setting up new businesses and also expanding through acquisitions. Recently, they started offering DSL broadband through a wholly owned subsidiary, Link.Net. Additionally, the company has also launched its wireless broadband  service through WiMax based technology under the label of ‘Mobilink Infinity’. Technology is backed by Alcatel, and company is using a ZYXEL Customer Premises equipment. BCG GROWTH-SHARE MATRIX Companies that are large enough to be organized into strategic business units face the challenge of allocating resources among those units. In the early 1970’s the Boston Consulting Group developed a model for managing a portfolio of different business units. The BCG growth-share matrix displays the various business units on a graph of the market growth rate vs. market share relative to competitors. OF  SBUSCLASSIFICATION These packages are low growth, high share products. These established and successful SBUs need less investment to hold their market share. They produce a lot of cash to support the other SBUs that need investment. These packages are low share in high growth markets. They require a lot of cash to hold  their share. Management needs to think hard about question marks it should  try to build into stars or should be phased out.  It is low growth, low share product. It may generate enough cash to maintain itself but do not promise to be large source of cash. PRICING STRATEGY OF MOBILINK: Mobilink was offering Jazz connection for about 3000 rupees 5 years passage of time now Mobilink is offering Jazz connections for about 100 rupees. In 2002 Ufone which is one of the leading competitor of Jazz introduced its prepay connection for about 2500 rupees. In 2005 Telenor came into existence in Pakistani market and offered its connections for about 500 rupees. Then in 2005 Warid also entered the market offering its connections for 250 rupees. In this way price war   ago. Its market oriented statement is â€Å"Aur Sunao† But through the started between these telecom brands in the market. Previously it was Jazz’s oligopoly as they offered their prices. In 2005 Jazz offered a Cellphone plus connection and prepaid card implementing a productbundle pricing strategy for creating more attention and attraction. The major shift in the pricing strategy came in when they started 30.second operations using the promotional pricing strategy. In the early days Jazz was offering its sim-cards for a high-price using captiveproduct pricing strategy as its SIM-card is a main product that must be used along with the cell phone. Initially Jazz’s call rates and SMS charges were also reduced using discount and allowance strategy and initially directing towards promotional strategy as the competition between cellular brands in the market grew faster. Recently Jazz introduced its offerings of 0.99 per minute call rates in their â€Å"happy hour package† which represents their operations with the  promotional as well as psychological pricing of their services. Through its happy hour package they are also operating with promotional strategy as they are engaged in continuous promotion through their offerings. INDUSTRY REVIEWS In the era of globalization and information society, the fundamental role of telecommunication technologies cannot be underestimated. Although tremendous growth has taken place in the Pakistan telecom sector but most of it can be attributed to the cellular growth. Fixed line is still awaiting a takeoff. Similarly Value Added Services have grown introduced in the telecom sector some very positive impact have been observed on the growth of the sector in a short span of time which is expected to continue to grow for at least next five years if the daring investors influx continue as in the last 3 years. Our Industry already has LL (Local Loop), WLL (Wireless Local Loop), LDI (Long distance and but are still a drop in the bucket. Now that the competition has been  International), and ISP (Internet Service Provider) players and WiMax; 3G cellular systems are expected be a part of this Industry soon. The Pakistan market has reached 100 million subscribers landmark with cellular mobile tele density of over 60% (PTA press release Sep 2010).The growth slowed down in 2009 but has picked up again gradually. At 2006 year end the total subscribers were 48.2 million. In June 2007 the total mobile users reached over 63 million. Based on numbers published at PTA website for 2007, the total number of million, a teledensity of nearly 49%. In 2007 the average growth rate was about 2.5 million new subscribers each month! After second half of 2007 it seemed as if the growth had slowed down but overall it was fine. One remarkable achievement was by Zong (formerly Paketl) which  launched  very  successful. Telecommunication Co. Ltd (PTCL), is now under the control of Etisalat group of UAE. It has 20% of subscriber share and added the most lines (2.4 million) from 2006-07. Warid, owned by the Abu Dhabi group of the United Arab Emirates and sister of Wateen group is number 4 with 17.0% market of subscribers. Recently it sold 30% share to SingTel. Norway’s Telenor, a recent entrant with about a billion US dollar investment in Pakistan has been doing well, based on its recent earning report. It has about 24% of the market share. Telenor stock is listed in the Oslo stock market (TEL) and in US (TELNY.PK). CMPak (Zong brand), formerly Paktel, was the latest target of foreign acquisition. After it got acquired by China Mobile it was rebranded as Zong and launched one of the most successful and aggressive  campaigns. Within a matter of few months, Zong has achieved a 8 %  market share. CONSUMER ANALYSIS The Pakistani mobile users are more price-conscious but in cellular sector they also don’t compromise on the quality of voice. So, By taking the advantage of this consciousness of the users mobile operators re enhancing product offering in the form of low rate packages  and  network  expansion  by  installing  boaster. Mobile sector comes under verity seeking buying behavior by the buyer because it occurs under the conditions of low consumer involvement and significant brand difference. In this market, consumer has low involvement they perceive the brand benefits on the basis ultimate objective is to communicate to other at for off place. Buying is initiated by â€Å"communication purpose†. Everybody can enter in to buying process by need of communication. In the regard of this communication media vehicles play an important role in getting their service preferred by the users. These days there is a rush of packages   price, voice quality and coverage. The reason for this is that their  out in the market from the mobile service providers, targeting different market segments and offering all kinds of discounts depending on who you call or when you call. Off-peak timings have always been used by service providers to create interest and to lure customers. So, customer seeks indifference among services provided by these cellular operators and switch according to their desire. Factors that influencing on customer switch age to other operator of mobile network are, Price: Users use services of the operator to communication so on of the factor influencing the customer switch age is price. A person in this segment seeks the prices most important factor and operator of service are also offering verity of packages to make the customer attract. Where the price of any product is low people change their taste and divert towards that low price product. Quality: After the price people prefer quality of voice second because they are paying for the voice if the voice is not clear to them which they are paying for they defiantly they switch to other operators. Coverage: After the quality of voice second available factor for  customer switch age is coverage. Users perceive that the operator’s services are available to them where they visit. If they find signal problem they may switch to more coverage operator in the sectors Promotion: With promoting services that has factor too for consumer switch age. Fierce promotion leads an image in the mind of the consumers that company offers many servers and â€Å"a customer focus company†. MARKET Pakistan currently has one of the largest allies of young people in its history, with approximately 25 million people between the ages of 15 and 24. Target market group of cellular sector ranges from 15 to 64 percent which according to demographic profile of Pakistan consist of 56.9% (male 48,214,298; female 46,062,933) of total population. As in the Buying behavior we have studied that Female and male both contribute into making decision for the purchasing of the brand. So the both genders would be in target market. In spite of this professionals are also Mobilink target audience. The Employment Status categorizes majority (45%) as employees followed by own account workers (42%).  About one in ten workers (11%) are reported as unpaid family workers and one & a half percent as employers. As far changes in the comparative periods, unpaid family workers fall by some fractions, employees indicate some increase while own account workers and employers remain on the same level. In the buying and sales of  rise of urban consumerism, global corporate such as Unilever, P & G, GlaxoSmithline and many small & medium enterprise and local  national companies emerges both manufacture and sell their products Mobilink brand also depends on these customers too. Along with the  in Pakistan. In manufacturing and natural resources, Shell and BP are present in addition to the Pakistani state oil company. Honda, Nissan and  Suzuki are among international automotive manufacturers with plants in Pakistan. Mobilink fulfill needs of these local MNC’s local national and SME’s firms by providing them special service package Brand Inventory COMPETITOR’S ANALYSIS COMPETITIVE COMPARISON MATRIX Bring innovation and VAS and data services to increase revenue Market Growth and industry expansion Threats †¢ Recession in economy. †¢ Rapid change in consumer demand. †¢ Inconsistent and adhoc decisions from regulatory authorities. †¢ Political Instability, Security issues. †¢ Adverse shifts in trade policies of government. †¢ High taxation rate of activation tax is causing a slowdown in consumer growth especially all in rural areas. †¢ Price competition †¢ Larger competitors network coverage †¢ Strong advertisement and media presence of competitors †¢ Entrance of new competitors like Zong. †¢ Presence and the acceptability of competitor brand like Telenor and Ufone Strengths: †¢ Leveraging brand equity from international corporate â€Å"Abu Dhabi Group† †¢ Having modern network capabilities in respect of infrastructure. †¢ Financial strength of share holder and their telecom expertise ‘Warid international† †¢ Large Post paid based generating high ARPU †¢ State of the art IP based contact center and leading data center †¢ It has technical partnering involving â€Å"SingTel†, â€Å"Nokia† and â€Å"Wateen†. Weaknesses: †¢ Need to expand network coverage. †¢ Need to increase brand awareness and improved market positioning †¢ Lack of proactive churn management and stimulate programs to address inactive subscriber Page 20 of 28 Brand Positioning COMPETITORS SWOT MATRIX Low promotional packages activities The product line is too narrow. Strengths: †¢ Subsidiary of PTCL. †¢ Stream line benefit. †¢ Knowledge about country culture. †¢ Experience Variety of †¢ Value Added Service †¢ Broad market coverage. Weaknesses: †¢ Stagnant Profitability †¢ Low market share as compare to competitor (Mobilink). †¢ Overly Dependent on PTCL Strengths: Superior infrastructure & technology in PAKISTAN Have a very strong financial. They have the ability and resources to hire skilled engineers. Large number of Subscriber Weaknesses: Low market share as compare to competitor (mobilink) Limited coverage due to newly introduce in the market Signal problem due to limited network Strengths: World biggest network A product of China Mobile Company. Page 21 of 28 Brand Positioning Leverage financial resource from CMC Experienced administration Weaknesses: †¢ Low market share as compare to competitor †¢ They are unable to improve the network means that they are not using their resources. †¢ There is the diversion of customers towards other brands due to connectivity issue BRAND INVENTORY BRAND ELEMENTS: Brand elements consist of brand name, color, Urls, symbols slogans, sound and jingles through which one brand is differentiated from other brands. Brand Name: Mobilink Urls : http://www.mobilinkgsm.com Logos and Symbols: Slogans: Apna Hai Purple and Whitish Purple CORE BRAND VALUE Page 22 of 28 Brand Positioning Colors: Quality: Mobilink Telecom has an uncompromising commitment to quality in this regard. that is why they spare no efforts in pursuing the best in network‚ services‚ product offerings. Innovation: For years‚ people complained of the same things on mobiles. At coverage‚ they are constantly look to make the communication experience different by doing things in a better way. They already introduced 3G supportable system for being see the need of this in the near future. For seeing the growing trend of SMS usage Mobilink has introduces SMSC-less messaging infrastructure that controls the traffic of SMS and makes sure the delivery of messages without involving pending issues. Customer-Friendliness: They enjoy working and succeeding together by building close relationships. While they have a sense of purpose in their operations‚ they also have a strong culture that demonstrates to customers that â€Å"Reshaping communciation†. Mobilink considers the needs of customers first. Coverage: Mobilink has widest network coverage all over Pakistan. One can find the network if they go to northern areas or remote city of Pakistan Mobilink message are communicated through using all channels of media including building an identity for the corporation and brand, advertising campaigns, sponsorships, media relations (newspaper coverage, press releases, press conference before launching etc), point of sale material preparation (brochures, tariffs, flyers etc), website. Message delivered on electronic media through jingle and using celebrity endorsement. First ever add that comes in the electronic media is symbolize with rain season that bring hope and refreshment and new joy. Now a day it bran message come man through ball to boys who are playing Cricket symbolize that Mobilink is customer oriented and helping the customer in even small mattes. MARKETING PROGRAM Media: Mobilink has always tried to deliver truthful and interesting advertising to its viewers. Through these ads they are trying to convey the message that Mobilink is solely meant for the people’s benefit and convenience. They advertise through Channels like Geo Super Geo, hum TV and through News channels, PTV, ARY and, News 1 TV, Dunya News etc. Print media: Mobilink has designed attractive brochures for their customers. These brochures contain all the necessary information about their package deals and tariffs. Hence, making it easier for the people to know about the general prices and services offered. Sponsorship: Mobilink advertise through sponsorship in Golf matches, Mobilink agreement with PCB and Mobilink and Citi card launch. Also it got sponsorship with Pizza Hut. BRAND ASSOCIATIONS: These are the desired associations which Mobilink wants to create in the mind of customers. Brand Positioning Mobilink Voice Quality Premium Brand Network Coverage

History of the Event Industry Essay

Throughout the years the event industry has gained a major place in everyday life. From the first events of the 19th century, such as the Great Exhibition, to a 2012 music festival. The event industry has developed a huge help to our country’s economy. To the extent of which the â€Å"government is supporting and promoting events as part of their strategies for economic development† (Bowdin and Allen, 2006). There are several types of events. Nowadays, there is almost an event for anything imaginable. First, we will analyse what exactly an event is and the different type of events, then we will be looking at the origins of years. Therefore, we will be able to estimate the future of events. First, there are several definitions of event from different authors. Accepted Practices Exchange Industry Glossary (2003) defines an event as â€Å"an organized occasion such as a meeting, convention, exhibition, special event, gala dinner, etc. An event is often composed of several different yet related functions†. Events enable people to meet up and exchange. There is a large variety of events within four main categories: leisure events, cultural events, organizational events and personal events. Leisure events are an important and growing part of the event industry. Indeed, sport events can generate a huge amount of money for a country because they do not only attract the locals, they attract tourists. Therefore, advertisement comes in thanks to the media coverage, generating extra money. Sport events not only bring benefits(to their host governments and sport organisations, but also benefit participants such as players, coaches and officials, and bring entertainment to spectators (Bowdin and Allen, 2006, p. 20). Cultural events can be ceremonial, sacred, heritage, artistic or musical (Shone and Parry, 2004). Events like these are highly linked with tourism, so they generate income for the event hosts and for the community as the tourists do not usually only go to the event, they stay in hotels, go shopping, etc. Most towns are known thanks to the festivals they host, for instance, Reading is known for the music festival named after the town, the Reading Festival. Organisational events include sales, conferences, charities, politic meetings, business meetings, etc. If we look into conferences, Rogers defines conferences as â€Å"an out-of-office meeting of at least four hours duration involving a minimum of eight people† (Rogers, 2003 p.19). For instance, the G20 conference reunites the leaders of the top 20 world economies to discuss the current situation and make important decisions. These conferences have high importance so the planning of the event has to be perfect. Finally, personal events are the last type of event. It can include weddings, birthdays, anniversaries or funera ls. Personal events are smaller than the other type of events. Weddings are very popular in the event industry; people spend a lot of money on their weddings therefore expecting a perfect organisation. Personal events are supposedly events where the host has a personal link with every guest and the event is usually put together for one or two people. Having seen all the different types of events, we can now analyse the history of the event industry. First of all, the event industry began when events needed trained event managers. However, historically, the organisation of small events did not require any specific expertise. For instance, a wedding would be managed by the bride’s mother. Some families still do it that way; however, some people prefer to pay a professional event manager to avoid having to do the numerous tasks and to avoid the stress involved in organising such an important event. Therefore, event managers began to emerge. Moreover, when big events emerged, an event manager was essential. Such as, the Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace in 1851 which was â€Å"conceived to symbolize this industrial, military and economic superiority of Great Britain.† (http://www.victorianstation.com/palace.html, 2001 [online]). It was an event recognized almost everywhere in the world which hugely helped the British economy as it was a great way to promote their industry. According to Dale (1995) the Great Exhibition was a big success which hosted over 6 million visitors. The event made a considerable profit of over  £180 000 (Exhibition Committee, 1995). This was the first big international trade show and therefore many exhibition venues started emerging, for instance, the Royal Agricultural Hall in 1862 or Olympia a few years later (Bowdin and Allen, 2006, p.6). So the 1850’s is when the organisational events started to emerge but the sport events started many years before that. Indeed, sport events, such as, the equestrian event called the Royal Ascot appeared in 1711 and the famous Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race in 1829. The UK is known for its sporting events and most of them are originally from the eighteenth and nineteenth century. Sporting events were very popular at the time and still are, so they kept emerging throughout the years. For example, the FA Cup emerged in 1872 and Wimbledon appeared in 1877 which is a huge success in the tennis world and it represented the higher class in the British society. These events attracted many visitors, therefore â€Å"providing major benefits for local economies† (English Tourism, 1999). Cultural events such as, music festivals began to come forth in the event industry from the early 1870’s with the Workington Festival. Later in that period, the Last Night of the Proms appeared which is probably one of the biggest music events in the world (Bowdin and Allen, 2006, p.7). The Last Night of the Proms was set up to encourage people who would not normally attend to classical concerts but who would be attracted by the low ticket prices and a laid-back atmosphere. Robert Newman, the founder of the event, (Nedal, 2010,[online]) announced his goals as such: â€Å"I am going to run nightly concerts and train the public by easy stages. Popular at first, gradually raising the standard until I have created a public for classical and modern music.† After noticing the growth of events, Wood (1982) drew attention to the start of the event industry. She recognised that organising popular celebrations required wealth for people to participate therefore bank holidays emerged, such as, the Silver Jubilee and the Golden Jubilee. These bank holidays enabled the working class to participate in the events thanks to their paid days off. This is when the government starts paying more attention to the event industry. After the Second World War, events are recognised to be of high importance to the economy of the country. Indeed, hundreds of festivals emerged thanks to the general increase of wealth and the free time availability. Foreign cultural events increased as well, for instance, the West Indian community founded the Notting Hill Carnival in 1964 to celebrate and commemorate their ancestors’ freedom from slavery (Holder, 2001). Around the 1970’s, a large amount of popular music festivals appeared, for example, the Pilton Festival and the Isle of Wight Festival. The Isle of Wight festival was a huge success on the popularity front but it had a few organisational issues. The entry fee became free as they lost control of admissions due to an overcrowded venue. After that incident, the Isle of Wight festival stopped for a few years (Bowdin and Allen, 2006, p.9). Moreover, from the 1970’s, the government and the local authorities financed a range of new multipurpose venues, including the Wembley Exhibition Centre. From then onwards, development of outdoor and indoor venues has not stopped increasing. With the increase of events, event is turning into a professional sector. We have seen how the event industry has developed, however, now we will look at the technological changes and the transport improvements that have revolutionised events. First, the appearance of the television had a big impact on events. It enabled people to watch any given event whilst sitting in a sofa; therefore, any event that was broadcasted on television had a considerably larger audience. The Los Angeles Olympic Games was one of the first events to be broadcasted on television. It was a great success as the economic benefits were very high (Bowdin and Allen, 2006, p.10). We will now analyse the relatively recent Olympic Games to demonstrate how the technological changes and the transport improvements made the events so successful compared to the past Olympic Games. First, transport made the games more accessible. The number of flights increased so the speed of travel was faster and more regular. In addition, huge container ships, super tankers, appeared making it easier for the hosting countries to import a huge amount of material goods for the establishment of the venues and the sport facilities. So it made the Olympics bigger in size which meant that there was a bigger audience and more sport athletes. Furthermore, the appearance of computers made life much easier for event managers as they could do all their organisation plans on their PC and virtually design the whole event. When internet emerged it made communication much easier and more efficient. Indeed, for someone to receive an email it takes around 3 seconds which is a bonus for stressed event managers who need to have quick answers. Computing and event managing went to another level when Skype appeared. â€Å"The service allows users to communicate with peers by voice using a microphone, video by using a webcam, and instant messaging over the Internet.† (Techspot, 2012 [online]). Skype enables organisers to have video conferences with each other wherever they might be. For example, if a meeting is taking place in London and one of the members is in Japan they can still have a live conversation with him on the computer screen. This probably often happened in the process of planning the London Olympics. Another technologic invention is the smartphone. Indeed, this is a very recent invention which can do a huge amount, on the move. The main advantage of smartphones is the applications available. Applications that can give you all the latest news about the Olympics live, or some can tell you the easiest way to get to the event. An application that is often used by smartphone owners is the QR barcode reader which is a new form of advertisement for businesses. The idea is that the smartphone acts like a barcode reader thanks to the camera so it can read any given QR code for the advert to appear on the smartphone’s screen. For example, when the Olympics had an advertisement for cheap tickets to see the games and it had a QR code, the smartphone owner could scan the code which would send them to the website to get the cheap tickets. All these applications made the Olympics much more accessible and just easier to gather information. Moreover, for the opening ceremony of the London Olympics, the lighting technology was highly impressive with all the latest technology. The pixel animations were made to draw the audience, in the arena and watching it on the television. It consisted making animations with the lights that where placed on the edge of every spectator in the stadium. â€Å"A total of 27 animated sequences, lasting 75 minutes, were created for the closing ceremony, using 634,500 individual LED pixels that together created what is believed to be the largest video screen† (Bond A.,2012 [online]). All this new technology used for the Olympics is one of the reasons why it was so popular. And it will, most likely, be used in future events. Putting the Olympics aside, a technological feature that has recently been used in a music festival is the hologram. â€Å"A hologram is a technique which enables three-dimensional images to be made† (Concert Boom, 2011, [online]). In a concert in the United States a well-known rapper who died in 1996, Tupac, appeared on stage in 3D. â€Å"A life-size hologram of Tupac who stunned the crowd of 75,000 fans when he appeared onstage† (Fitzmaurice and Mcconnell, 2012, [online]). It shows to what extent technology can go in the event world. After seeing how the event industry has changed, it raises the question of where the event industry is going. For many years, technology has not stopped emerging in events. Therefore, event managers have to adapt to the constant change of technology. Ecology is another factor that event managers have to be aware of. Indeed, the environment has become a big issue. Events, such as festival, are not usually environmentally friendly. Therefore, event managers will have to research different ways of avoiding damaging the environment which will change events. Due to the environmental changes, the price of transport will get higher because of the petrol shortage. Events will, therefore, be more expensive. Furthermore, health and safety regulations will most likely get stricter so events might lose a bit of their creative freedom. The event industry will have to adapt to the future changes in society to keep the society interested in events. Creativity with the use of technology, such as the use of the hologram, will keep the crowd interested. So the future of successful big events will be down to creativity, the use of technology and the environmental consequences of the event. However, even if big events will constantly evolve, it does not mean that traditional events, such as weddings, will change. Indeed, there is only a minimum of technology that a wedding needs to be successful. Therefore, unless the whole concept of a wedding changes, weddings will, more or less, stay the same. It will be the same for birthday celebrations and anniversaries. Throughout this paper, we have discovered that events have a considerable role in todays’ society and that events have evolved a huge amount throughout the years. By looking at the changes of events throughout the years, it should be possible to have an idea of the future of events. However, anything can happen and we do not know what new invention will see the light that will change the whole event industry. But the common idea seems to be that the technology and the environment are the two main factors that will change the big events, such as sport events, but the traditional events will not change. References Bond A. (2010) The greatest disco on Earth! Pixel animations turn Olympic Stadium into psychedelic light show. In MailOnline.[online] available from: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2187468/The-greatest-disco-Earth-Pixe

My strengths and personality based approach to help children w Essay

My strengths and personality based approach to help children w behavioral problem - Essay Example It is important therefore to help children socialize and behave adequately in the society. So one of my main duties is to develop child's integrity into the society. I try to be as helpful as I can, so I always try to apply the most efficient methods, e.g. family work, as it is essential to help each member of the family establish healthy and harmonious contacts inside the family and promote integrity. The main points of my work are assessment, consultation, counselling and crisis intervention. I am also encouraged to bring new approaches to the assessment and intervention process and support the development of programs that creatively deal with the issues of children with emotional and behavioral problems. It is possible to receive proper working skills after finishing higher education, but there are also personal qualities, which are impossible to study. So it is necessary to examine one's own personality in order to find his strengths, which are useful directly on the working place, or in broader meaning - to identify if the occupation suits him (her). Adaptable, restorative, applying intellection, deliberative and harmonious. Adaptability is the ability of an individual to survive and maintain its coherence under unfixed internal and external factors. The word 'adaptation' implies a result at a certain point in time, an adjustment that is a state of relatedness. Adaptability helps me first of all, establish strong contact with child or his parents, to receive feedback. My patients and me get quickly accustomed to each other, which is important for fertile work. At our first meeting, seeing new person often causes strange feelings in child or even in his parents, so adaptability is essential as I have consulting duties.'Restorative' implies ability to help others to restore themselves (whatever - their health or mood). As for me those who help children with behavioural problems are required to be restorative, as it is possible to get positive results only possessing such a quality. Medical therapy is important - beyond any doubt - , but it is even more important to restore child's psychics, give him a charge of energy, which will help him cope with his crisis.Intellection in practical meaning is some kind of sensibility. In other words, I always meet all the troubles examining them with my reason, trying to consider them carefully, but not to dive and not to be lost sink in my patient's problems. My common sense is conditional to scrutinizing exceptionally complicated cases.Intellection is way to detailed case examination, which is necessary for me in long-lasting case management. In addition, excessive emotionality is harmful or even hazardous during the work with children who have behavioral problems, thus, I never forget that I am first of all, a specialist and have to act within the frames of my duties.Also I never rush making decision, since I believe it is possible to solve a problem only after extended working with information and gaining some experience concerning particular case.If I say I am deliber ative, it means that I am always ready to

How Poverty Affect Health Insurance among Poor in the USA Research Paper

How Poverty Affect Health Insurance among Poor in the USA - Research Paper Example From the economic point of view one can also consider the health insurance as an indicator of the financial standing of the people in the societies. In most of the cases, health insurance helps people to avail the costly healthy checkup in minimum cost and likewise after having the policy if one is not suffering from any kind of disease then he or she may considers this as a loss in his investment. The recent survey in the USA reveals the fact that the poor people are more vulnerable to be get affected by the chronic conditions, and are not in a financial condition to get proper treatment. In most of the cases survey also proves that thee poor family in the USA are not in a position to afford the health insurance for one and all in their family which directly affecting their treatment. L’Ecluse in her analysis mentioned the fact that â€Å"more than half of low-income Californians with chronic conditions put off getting prescriptions or care for those ailments due to cost.† (L’Ecluse) This condition is more common among the families having income of less than $ 50,000. In her review she also mentioned that people with low incomes often have to fight with more than one adverse condition. One among five low-income families in the USA have four or more adverse health conditions to fight in their families such as diabetes, cancer.

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 17

Journal - Essay Example I am extremely irritated by the questions Amelie asks. Why would someone care about the color of dresses I wear, the colors I don’t wear, the type of hairstyle I carry, the time I wake up and the genre of movies I like. It is my life - my very personal life - and I don’t want to tell it off to anyone. I want my space which Amelie continuously is trying to diminish. At times I feel Amelie is a psychiatrist that my family hired to know any psychological issue I have. I don’t believe that someone would want to waste hours and hours to know about my life, likes, dislikes and spend time talking to me only. So, I think she is trying to ask me tricky questions and once I answer them she notes them regularly. What would be next? She will make a report; prove me a psychopath and I would be sent to a rehabilitation centre. I don’t want it so I ignore her questions mostly, and she probably is too sincere with her profession so she keeps asking it until it’s he r time to go back home. There is yet another possibility that maybe, Amelie belongs to that class where the children get everything but lack attention from their families and she is trying to quench her thirst of love, care and feeling of belongingness by intruding into my life. So, may be Amelie is an attention seeker trying to gain my sympathies; but I don’t have the time to do that. Today, I ignored her questions and I feel more irritated by the thought that she did not mind it at all. She stayed around for 2 more hours just to ensure I was not angry with her and that I was okay. Who would want to have another mom-like-person anyways, I need to make Amelie understand this! I have my family to take care of my food, mood and health conditions. ::Sigh:: what more can I waste my time on, thinking about Amelie and observing her behavior? Oh God! Am I trapped? Yet another day full of irritation has passed. I

Stage Two Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Stage Two - Assignment Example n stage, one of the projects a case study was conducted and it came to revelation that the information technology of the place should be improved in order to meet the objectives of the management. This paper will explain how a technology solution suggested in the case study in stage one will improve the process; come up with a specific technology solution and the effects of the technological solution to the business. The proposed system in which the restaurant will work is when the introduction of a new technological system will depend if the customer had made an earlier reservation order through the restaurants website or not. If the customer had made one, he will find his or her table reserved and a waiter waiting for the customer’s arrival. The customer will provide the order number, which he obtained from the website after making the reservation. The waiter will signal the number to the counter where it will be instantly transmitted to the kitchen monitor to ensure the order is ready. IF the customer had not made a reservation on the website he will undergo go almost the same process but instead of giving the order number to the waiter, the customer will make the order will the waiter note them down in the I- pad. The chosen process will work effectively with a good and reliable technology in because it will reduce the movement of the waiters going to the counter to present orders req uested by the customer. Furthermore, the process will be fast compared to the old process because within a minute the kitchen would have received an order of a certain customer. The Deli management should ensure each table has at most two I-pads in which the customer will use to make orders. The I-pads should contain software that would be easy to use for those who are computer illiterates and the level of speed in the I-pads should be high. The management should consider making the joint be a Wi-Fi hot spot. The hot spot may attract more customers who want to do their office